| May 09, 2024 |
Beat the heat with radiative cooling
(Nanowerk News) As consumer electronics become ever more compact, while still boasting increased processing power, the need to manage waste heat from microcircuits has grown to become a major concern. Some scientific instruments and nanoscale machines require careful consideration of how localized heat will be shunted out of the device in order to prevent damage.
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Some cooling occurs when heat is radiated away as electromagnetic waves – similar to how the sun’s power reaches the Earth through the vacuum of space. However, the rate of energy transfer can be too slow to protect the performance of sensitive and densely packed integrated electronic circuits. For the next generation of devices to be developed, novel approaches may need to be established to address this issue of heat transmission.
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In a study published in the journal Physical Review Letters ("Enhanced Far-field Thermal Radiation through a Polaritonic Waveguide"), researchers from Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, showed how the rate of radiative heat transfer can be doubled between two micro-scale silicon plates separated by a tiny gap. The key was using a coating of silicon dioxide that created a coupling between the thermal vibrations of the plate at the surface (called phonons) and the photons (which make up the radiation).
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“We were able to show both theoretically and experimentally how electromagnetic waves were excited at the interface of the oxide layer that enhanced the rate of heat transfer,” lead author of the study, Saeko Tachikawa says.
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The small size of the layers compared with the wavelengths of the electromagnetic energy and its attachment to the silicon plate, which carries the energy without loss, allowed the device to surpass the normal limits of heat transfer, and thus cool faster.
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Because current microelectronics are already based on silicon, the findings of this research could be easily integrated into future generations of semiconductor devices.
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“Our work provides insight into possible heat dissipation management strategies in the semiconductor industry, along with various other related fields such as nanotech manufacturing” says senior author, Masahiro Nomura.
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The research also helps to establish a better fundamental understanding of how heat transfer works at the nanoscale level, since this is still an area of active research.
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